Abaklami bomhlobiso othambile bavame ukubuzwa umbuzo, uma ufuna ukushintsha ifenisha ekamelweni, kuzokwenza isimo sezulu sonke segumbi sishintshe, yini okufanele ikhethwe ukushintsha?
Impendulo ngokuvamile "isihlalo".
Ngakho-ke namuhla sizofunda mayelana nokuthi yiziphi izihlalo zamakhosi zakudala emlandweni ~
1.Wassily Chair
Umklami: UMarcel Breuer
Unyaka wokuklama: 1925
I-Wassily Chair, eyadalwa ngo-1925, yaklanywa umklami owaziwayo waseHungary uMarcel Breuer.Lesi yisihlalo sezigxobo sokuqala sikaBreuer, futhi futhi isitulo sokuqala sezigxobo emhlabeni.
Isihlalo se-Wassily silula futhi sibukeka kahle, silula ngesakhiwo futhi sisebenza kahle kakhulu.Ngombala oqinile wobuhle bomshini, ifreyimu eyinhloko yakhiwe ngokushisela, okwenza umklamo ufane nomshini.Ikakhulukazi, ibhande lisetshenziswa njenge-handrail, efana ngokuphelele nebhande lokuhambisa emshinini.I-backrest imisiwe ku-eksisi evundlile, enezela umuzwa wokunyakaza emshinini.
Isihlalo se-Wassily, esiphefumulelwe ibhayisikili elibizwa ngokuthi i-Adler, siyirekhodi lokuqala lokuklama isitulo emhlabeni, ukuhlonipha umpetha wobuciko obungacacile u-Wassily.UKandinsky, uthisha kaMarshall, waqamba isihlalo ngokuthi isihlalo sika-Wassily.Isihlalo se-Wassily sibizwa ngokuthi uphawu lwesihlalo se-steel tube chair, ifenisha yesimanje ephayona.Lolu hlobo olusha lwefenisha ngokushesha lwagcwala umhlaba wonke.
Isihlalo se-1.Chandigarh
Umklami: Pierre Jeanneret
Unyaka wokuklama: cishe ngo-1955
Isihlalo se-Chandigarh yisihlalo esithathwe izithombe kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva.Igama layo livela edolobheni elisha laseNdiya.Cishe ngo-1955, umklami odumile waseSweden uPierre Gennaray wacelwa nguLe Corbusier ukuthi asize ekwakhiweni kweDolobha laseChandigarh eNdiya, futhi wacelwa ukuba aklame isihlalo sezisebenzi zikahulumeni ezakhiweni zikahulumeni.
Ngokudabukisayo, isihlalo se-Chandigarh sashiywa kakhulu njengoba abantu bendawo bekhetha idizayini yesimanje.Njengoba ishiywe ezintabeni kulo lonke idolobha, ivame ukudayiswa njengemali eshisiwe ngama-rupees ambalwa nje.
Ngo-1999, usihlalo weChandigarh owathatha amashumi eminyaka, owayegwetshwe ukufa, wabona ingcebo yaso ishintsha kakhulu.Usomabhizinisi waseFrance usethenge inqwaba yezihlalo ezilahliwe wazilungisa ukuze zidayiswe.Yingakho isihlalo sikaChandigal sibuyile esithombeni.
Kamuva, uCassina, uhlobo oludumile lwefenisha yase-Italy, wasebenzisa inhlanganisela yezinto efanayo yetiye nomvini ukuze aphinde aphrinte isihlalo se-Chandigarh futhi wasiqamba ngokuthi uSihlalo wehhovisi le-051 Capitol Complex.
Namuhla, izihlalo ze-Chandigarh zifunwa kakhulu ngabaqoqi, abaklami nabathandi befenisha, futhi baye baba enye yezinto ezivamile emiklamo eminingi yasekhaya enesitayela futhi enambithekayo.
1.Usihlalo we-Barcelona
Umklami: Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
Unyaka wokuklama: 1929
Isihlalo esidumile se-Barcelona esadalwa ngo-1929 umpetha waseJalimane uMies van der Rohe, siyisakhiwo sakudala sefenisha yesimanje, esithathwa njengesinye sezihlalo zasendulo zekhulu lamashumi amabili, futhi siqoqwe iminyuziyamu eminingi esezingeni lomhlaba.
Isihlalo seBarcelona saklanywa ngu-Mies ikakhulukazi inkundla yaseJalimane eMbukisweni we-Barcelona wango-1929, nawo owethulwe njengesipho sezombusazwe esivela eJalimane esiya eNkosini kanye neNdlovukazi yaseSpain eyafika izovula umcimbi.
Isakhiwo esiyinhloko sesihlalo se-Barcelona yi-cushion yangempela yesikhumba esekelwa uhlaka lwensimbi engagqwali, enesakhiwo esihle nemigqa ebushelelezi.Ngaleso sikhathi, isihlalo se-Barcelona esaklanywa ngu-Mies sasiyi-hand-ground, okwakhiwa kwayo kwabangela ukuzwa okukhulu ngaleso sikhathi.Lesi sihlalo siphinde sibe semaqoqweni amamyuziyamu amaningi.
3.Isihlalo samaqanda
Umklami: Arne Jacobsen
Unyaka wokuklama: 1958
Isihlalo samaqanda, esaklanywa nguJacobson ngo-1958. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, yaba imodeli nesampula yomklamo wendlu yaseDenmark.Isihlalo samaqanda sasiklanyelwe indawo yokwamukela izivakashi kanye nendawo yokwamukela izivakashi eRoyal Hotel Copenhagen, futhi sisabonakala ekamelweni elikhethekile 606.
Isihlalo samaqanda, esibizwa kanjalo ngenxa yokufana kwaso namagobolondo amaqanda abushelelezi, aphukile, futhi inguqulo eguquliwe ye-armchair yaseGeorgia, enobuciko obuthile bamazwe ngamazwe.
Isitulo samaqanda sinomumo oyingqayizivele odala indawo engaphazamiseki yomsebenzisi -- elungele ukucambalala noma ukulinda, njengekhaya.I-Egg Chair iklanywe ngokobunjiniyela bomzimba womuntu, umuntu uhlala ngokunethezeka, enhle futhi elula.
1.Diamond Chair
Umklami: Harry Bertoia
Unyaka wokuklama: 1950
Ngawo-1950, umqophi nomklami u-Harry Bertoia waklama ifenisha eyenziwe e-United States.Okuphumelele kakhulu kule miklamo yisihlalo sedayimane.Isihlalo sedayimane yisihlalo sokuqala esenziwe ngensimbi yokushisela, ngoba umumo othanda idayimane uqanjwe.Kufana kakhulu nokubaza, umsebenzi wobuciko, hhayi nje ngezinto ezibonakalayo nangesimo, kodwa nangendlela.
Umklami empeleni wayisebenzisa njengesifanekiso sesimanje.U-Betoia Bertoia wake wathi, "Uma ubheka izihlalo, ziwumoya nje, njengezithombe eziqoshiwe ezihlanganiswe nendawo yonke."Ngakho kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ibekwe kuphi, ingagcizelela umqondo wendawo kahle kakhulu.
Eqinisweni, kunamakhulu ezihlalo eziyinhloko.Namuhla sisanda kwabelana ngalezi zihlalo ezi-5 eziphambili kuqala.Ngethemba ukuthi uzozijabulela lezi zihlalo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-02-2022